Turkic etymology : Query result

Proto-Turkic: *KAĺuk / *KAlgak

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 spoon 2 oar, shovel

Russian meaning: 1 ложка 2 весло, лопатка

Old Turkic: qašuq 1

Karakhanid: qašuq, qašɨq (MK)

Turkish: kašɨk 1, dial. kalak 2

Tatar: qašɨq 1, qalaq 2 > Chuv.

Middle Turkic: qašɨq (IM), qašuq (Houts., AH, Pav. C.)

Uzbek: qɔšiq 1, qɔlɔq 2

Uighur: qošuq, dial. qašuq 1, qalaq 2

Azerbaidzhan: GašɨG 1

Turkmen: qašɨq 1

Khakassian: xazɨx 1, xalɣax 1,2

Shor: qalaq 2

Oyrat: qažɨq 1, qalaq 2

Tofalar: qah́ik 1, qalɣaq 2

Kirghiz: qašɨq 1, qalaq 2

Kazakh: qasɨq 1, qalaq 2

Noghai: qasɨq 1, qalaq 2

Bashkir: qašɨq 1, qalaq 2

Balkar: qašɨq 1, qalaq 2

Karakalpak: qasɨq 1, qalaq 2

Kumyk: qašɨq 1, qalaq 2

Comments: VEWT 225, 241, ЭСТЯ 5, 231-232, 353-354. Turk. > Russ. Siber. kašík, see Аникин 277.

Proto-Turkic: *Kạm-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 bed-bug 2 beetle

Russian meaning: 1 клоп 2 жук

Turkish: kandalaj 1 (dial.)

Tatar: qandala 1

Middle Turkic: qandala (Houts., Буд.) 1, qandala (Qum.) 1

Uzbek: qɛndɛlɔ 1

Turkmen: Gandala 1

Khakassian: xandala 1

Oyrat: qandrɨjaq 'cochlea' (Верб.)

Chuvash: xъʷmtla, xъʷmdъʷla, xъʷmgъʷla ~ xъʷngъʷla 1

Kirghiz: qantala 1

Kazakh: qandala 1

Noghai: qandalaj

Bashkir: qandala 1

Balkar: qandaɣaj 1, qamažaq 2

Karakalpak: qandala 1

Kumyk: qandala 1

Comments: VEWT 229, ЭСТЯ 5, 253-254, Лексика 183.

Proto-Turkic: *KĀma-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 become blinded, dumb 2 (set) teeth on edge 3 to be tired, pine, droop

Russian meaning: 1 слепнуть, глохнуть 2 набивать оскомину 3 уставать, изнемогать

Old Turkic: qamaš- (Orkh.) 3

Karakhanid: qama- (MK, KB) 1, 2

Turkish: kamaš- 1

Tatar: qamaš- 3

Middle Turkic: qamaš- (Pav. C., Бор. Бад., MA) 1, 2

Uzbek: qɛmɛš- 1

Uighur: qamaš- 2

Azerbaidzhan: Gamaš- 1

Turkmen: Gāmaš- 2

Kirghiz: qama- 2

Kazakh: qama- 2

Noghai: qama- 2

Bashkir: qamaš- 2

Karakalpak: qamas- 2

Kumyk: qama- 2

Comments: VEWT 228, ЭСТЯ 5, 242-243, 246-247. Cf. also Kirgh., Kaz. qam 'sorrow', Turkm. Gam GajGɨ 'mischief, sorrow'. Turk. > MMong. (MA) qama- id. (see Щербак 1997, 197).

Proto-Turkic: *Kạma

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 beaver 2 otter

Russian meaning: 1 бобер 2 выдра

Tatar: qama 2

Uighur: qama 2

Khakassian: xam-nos, xam čat (Верб.) 1

Shor: qamna(ɣɨ) 2

Oyrat: qamdu 2

Chuvash: xъʷma 'beaver, marten'

Bashkir: qama 2

Karakalpak: qama 2

Comments: ЭСТЯ 5, 242, Лексика 162, Мудрак Дисс. 145. Also PT *Kam-tuŕ 'beaver, otter' (VEWT 228, Лексика 162) (*Kam-tuŕ may be a compound < *Kama + *utɨŕ 'otter' q. v. sub *óŋdu; Лексика ibid., however, suggests rather *Kam-luč, with a diminutive *-luč. There is also a variant *Kun-tuŕ (with *Kunu 'wolverine'? - see, however, TMN 3, 524, with a suggestion of Turk. < Pers.).

Proto-Turkic: *KAmgak

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: saltwort, Salsula

Russian meaning: солянка, поташник, Salsula

Old Turkic: qamɣaq (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: qamɣaq (MK)

Middle Turkic: qamɣaq (Qutb., Pav. C.), qamqaq (Houts.)

Uzbek: qɔmɣɔq

Uighur: qamɣaq

Turkmen: Gamaq

Kirghiz: qamɣaq

Kazakh: qaŋbaq

Noghai: qambaq

Bashkir: qamɣaq

Karakalpak: qaŋbaq

Kumyk: qammaq

Comments: EDT 627, VEWT 229, ЭСТЯ 5, 244-245.

Proto-Turkic: *Kamɨč

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: scoop, ladle

Russian meaning: черпак

Old Turkic: qamɨč (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: qamɨč (MK)

Middle Turkic: qamɨč (IM)

Uighur: qemič

Khakassian: xamɨs

Chuvash: (Bulg.) xumǯa (< *kamča(h))

Yakut: xamɨas, xomuos

Dolgan: komuos

Tuva: xɨmɨš

Comments: EDT 626, VEWT 229, ЭСТЯ 5, 248-249, Stachowski 152.

Proto-Turkic: *Kamɨĺ

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: reed

Russian meaning: тростник

Old Turkic: qamuš, qamɨš (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: qamɨš (MK, IM)

Turkish: kamɨš

Tatar: qamɨš

Middle Turkic: qamɨš (Qutb, MA)

Uzbek: qɛmiš

Uighur: qomuš

Azerbaidzhan: Gamɨš

Turkmen: Gamɨš

Khakassian: xamɨs

Oyrat: qamɨš

Chuvash: xъʷmъʷl 'stalk of cereals'

Yakut: xamɨs, xomus

Kirghiz: qamɨš

Kazakh: qamɨs

Noghai: qamɨs

Bashkir: qamɨš

Balkar: qamiš

Karakalpak: qamɨs

Kumyk: qamuš

Comments: ЭСТЯ 5, 249-250, TMN 3, 517.

Proto-Turkic: *KAmug

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: all, together

Russian meaning: все, вместе

Old Turkic: qamuɣ (OUygh.), qamaɣ (Orkh., OUygh.), qamɨɣ (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: qamuɣ (MK, KB)

Turkish: kamu

Middle Turkic: qamuɣ (Qutb., Буд.), qamuq (Abush.)

Khakassian: xamɨx

Shor: qamɨq

Oyrat: qamɨq

Tuva: xamɨq

Comments: EDT 627, ЭСТЯ 5, 243-244. Modern forms like Kirgh., Kaz. qama- 'to surround, besiege', qamala- id., 'to gather in a crowd' etc. (see ЭСТЯ 5, 159) should be rather regarded as mongolisms.

Proto-Turkic: *Kạń

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: edge, hem

Russian meaning: край, кайма

Old Turkic: qaj (OUygh.) 'cross-road'

Karakhanid: qajɨɣ (MK) 'a place at an angle from the main road'

Khakassian: xaj

Oyrat: qajɨr 'steep, precipitous'

Chuvash: xъju

Yakut: kɨj̃ɨa (Пек.) 'road on the edge of a precipice'

Tuva: xajɨ̄ 'located sideways'

Bashkir: qajma

Comments: VEWT 221, Федотов 2, 338. Doubts about the OT word see in EDT 674, 676, Clark 1977, 146.

Proto-Turkic: *Kandɨr (*Kantɨr)

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: membrane

Russian meaning: мездра, пленка на мясе, остающаяся после снятия шкуры

Karakhanid: qandɨr (MK)

Chuvash: xundъ, e.g. in tǝʷplǝʷ pɨržъ xund-i 'appendix (anat.)' (dial.)

Comments: EDT 635.

Proto-Turkic: *KAŋ-čɨk

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 bitch 2 female

Russian meaning: 1 сука 2 самка

Old Turkic: qančɨq (OUygh.) 1

Karakhanid: qančɨq (MK) 1

Turkish: kanǯɨk 2

Middle Turkic: qančɨq (Pav. C., Houts., Qutb.), qančuq (AH) 1

Uzbek: qɛnǯiq 1

Uighur: qančuq, qanǯiq (dial.) 1

Azerbaidzhan: GanǯɨG 1

Turkmen: Ganǯɨq 1

Kirghiz: qančɨq 1

Kazakh: qanšɨq, qaŋšɨ 1

Noghai: qanǯɨq 1

Bashkir: qansɨq, qansaj 1

Karakalpak: qanšɨq 1

Kumyk: qančɨq 1

Comments: VEWT 230, ЭСТЯ 5, 255-256, Лексика 190. The original *-ŋ- is probably preserved in Kaz. qaŋšɨ.

Proto-Turkic: *KAŋɨr-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to bend

Russian meaning: гнуть

Turkish: kanɨr-

Uzbek: qɛnir- (dial.)

Azerbaidzhan: Ganɨr-

Turkmen: Gaŋɨr-

Khakassian: xāri-tart- 'to change direction, turn sharply'

Comments: ЭСТЯ 5, 194-195.

Proto-Turkic: *Kap-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 to snatch, take 2 to bite

Russian meaning: 1 брать, хватать 2 кусать

Old Turkic: qap- (Orkh., OUygh.) 1

Karakhanid: qap- (MK, KB) 1

Turkish: kap- 1,2

Tatar: qap- 1,2

Middle Turkic: qap- (AH, IM, Pav. C., Qutb) 1

Uzbek: qɔp- 1,2

Uighur: qap- 1,2

Azerbaidzhan: Gap- 1,2

Turkmen: Gap- 1,2

Khakassian: xap- 1,2

Oyrat: qap- 1,2

Chuvash: xɨp- 1,2

Yakut: xap- 1,2

Tofalar: qa'p- 'to grab with one's mouth; bite (of fish)'

Kirghiz: qap- 1,2

Kazakh: qap- 1,2

Noghai: qap- 1,2

Bashkir: qap- 1,2

Balkar: qab- 1,2

Gagauz: qap- 1,2

Karakalpak: qap- 1,2

Comments: VEWT 233, EDT 580, ЭСТЯ 5, 264-265, TMN 3, 373-374.

Proto-Turkic: *Kạp-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to catch fire

Russian meaning: загораться

Tatar: qap-, qabɨn-

Uzbek: qɔpin-

Khakassian: xabɨl-

Shor: qamɨn-

Oyrat: qamɨn-

Chuvash: xɨp-

Tuva: qɨ'p-

Tofalar: qɨ'p-

Kazakh: qabɨn-

Noghai: qabɨn-, dial. qamɨl-

Bashkir: qabɨn-

Kumyk: qabun-

Comments: ЭСТЯ 5, 262.

Proto-Turkic: *Kap-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 cover (n.) 2 gate, door 3 to close

Russian meaning: 1 крышка 2 ворота, дверь 3 закрывать

Old Turkic: qapaɣ, qapɨɣ (Orkh., OUygh.) 2, qapɣɨ (Orkh.) 2, qapaq (OUygh.) 1, qap- 3

Karakhanid: qapuɣ (MK, KB), qapɣaq (MK) 1, qapuɣ (MK) 2

Turkish: kapak 1, kapɨ 2, kapa- 3, kap- 3

Tatar: dial. qapqaq 1, qapqa 2, qapla- 3

Middle Turkic: qabaɣ (Qutb.) 1, qapu (Houts., Pav. C.) 2, qabuɣ (Qutb.) 2

Uzbek: qɔpɛqɔq 1, qɔpqɛ 2, qɔplɛ- 3

Uighur: qap(q)aq 1, dial. qobuɣ 2, qapla- 3

Azerbaidzhan: GapaG 1, Gapɨ 2, Gapa- 3

Turkmen: Gapaq 1, Gapɨ 2, dial. Gap- 3

Khakassian: xaxpax 1

Shor: qabaq 1

Oyrat: qaqpaq 1

Chuvash: xobъ 1, xop(la)- 3

Yakut: xappax 1

Dolgan: kappaktā- 'to cover'

Tuva: qaqpaq 1

Kirghiz: qapqaq 1, qapqa 2

Kazakh: qaqpaq 1, qapɨ 2, qaqpa 2

Noghai: qapaq 1, qapɨ 2, qap(l)a- 3

Bashkir: qapqa 2, qapla- 3

Karaim: qabaq 2

Karakalpak: qaqpaq 1, qapɨ 2, qaqpa 2

Salar: qāvu 2 (ССЯ)

Kumyk: qapu 2, qabaq 2

Comments: VEWT 203, TMN 3, 369, ЭСТЯ 5, 160, 263-264, 274-275, Лексика 510, Федотов 2, 358-359, Stachowski 138 (there is also a variant *Kāp- - due to merger with another root *Kāp-, v. sub *k[ā]p`á; the meaning 'cover' here is probably secondary). Turk. > Mong. qabqaɣ 'cover' (whence Evk. kapkak, see Doerfer MT 125), qabqa 'gate', see TMN 3, 371, 415, Hung. kapu 'gate', see Gombocz 1912.

Proto-Turkic: *KĀpan

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: boar

Russian meaning: кабан

Turkish: dial. kaban

Tatar: qaban

Middle Turkic: qaban (Pav. C., Abush.)

Uzbek: qɔbɔn

Uighur: qavan

Azerbaidzhan: Gaban

Turkmen: Gaban

Oyrat: qaman

Tuva: xavan

Kirghiz: qaman

Kazakh: qaban

Noghai: qaban

Bashkir: qaban

Balkar: qaban

Karakalpak: qaban

Kumyk: qaban

Comments: VEWT 216, ЭСТЯ 5, 164, Лексика 156.

Proto-Turkic: *Kapɨrčak, *Kapsak

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 box, coffin 2 basket

Russian meaning: 1 ящик, гроб 2 корзина

Karakhanid: qapɨrčaq 1,2 (MK)

Turkish: koburčuk, dial. kapurǯak 1, dial. kabzak, kabsak 2

Middle Turkic: qabɨrčaq (IM), qaburčuq (AH)

Turkmen: Gapɨrǯaq 1

Chuvash: > Hung. koporsó 1 (see Gombocz 1912)

Comments: EDT 587, ЭСТЯ 5, 276-278. Tekin (1979, 127) cites Uygh. qapɨz 'coffin', but we were unable to find the word either in Old or Mod. Uyghur. Perhaps he meant Karakh. xafsɨ 'small box' (MK, see EDT 587). Brockelmann derived the word from Lat. capsa through Syr. qafsā, but a loan in Turkic < Syr. is not quite probable, and the word might well be genuine. But modern forms: Tur. dial. kapsa 'box, chest', (CCum.) qapsa 'box, coffin' may well be < Syr. (cf. ЭСТЯ 5, 277).

Proto-Turkic: *Kaptal

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: side

Russian meaning: бок

Middle Turkic: qaptal (R - ShS, Vam.)

Uzbek: qɔptɔl

Uighur: qaptal

Turkmen: Gapdal

Oyrat: qaptal

Yakut: xaptal

Kirghiz: qaptal

Kazakh: qaptal

Bashkir: qaptal

Karakalpak: qaptal

Comments: ЭСТЯ 5, 267-268.

Proto-Turkic: *KApuŋ (?)

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: bumble-bee

Russian meaning: шмель

Old Turkic: qabuŋ (OUygh. - Suv.)

Comments: ДТС 399.

Proto-Turkic: *KApur-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: rib

Russian meaning: ребро

Old Turkic: qabar (Ettuhf.)

Turkish: kabur (dial.) 'a piece of tin or leather for fixing cracks'

Uzbek: qɛbɨz (dial.) 'armpit'

Turkmen: GapɨrGa

Comments: ЭСТЯ 5, 275-276. Щербак (1997, 207) regards the word as a Mong. loanword, which is hardly the case (although numerous forms like Chag. qaburɣa etc. may indeed have a Mong. origin, see TMN 1, 392).